Hard Work Didn’t Stop Working — Physical Therapy Stopped Rewarding It
Physical therapy is having a moment — and not all of it is comfortable.
In this episode, Jimmy McKay breaks down a growing debate around PT salary, burnout, career growth, and work ethic, sparked by posts from veteran physical therapist Rob Panariello.
Rob argues that success in physical therapy comes from exceptional effort, clinical excellence, and personal responsibility — a framework that built many successful careers.
But newer physical therapists are asking a different question:
Does hard work still reliably convert into opportunity in today’s healthcare system?
This episode explores:
- Why PT salaries feel stagnant
- How student loan debt changes career math
- Where hard work still compounds — and where it doesn’t
- Why this isn’t a generational fight
- And what needs to change to retain great clinicians
This isn’t a rant.
It’s a translation — between effort and incentives, experience and reality.
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You're listening to the P.T.
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Pinecast,
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where smart people in healthcare come to
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make noise.
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Here's your host, Jimmy McKay.
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All right, ladies and gentlemen,
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doing a quick Monday live stream because
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there's some interesting things on
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LinkedIn.
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And when there are interesting things on
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LinkedIn,
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I like to point them out because there's
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not always interesting things on LinkedIn.
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Sometimes it's just a lot of, well, noise.
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But I thought some good points were being
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made by this guy right here,
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Rob Panarella.
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And I wanted to share them.
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He had a post,
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and I think he got such a good
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response from it that he had a follow-up
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post,
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and then a follow-up to the follow-up
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post.
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which is always great.
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Interesting conversations happening.
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And this has been over the last couple
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of weeks.
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And before anybody tightens up,
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I'm not here to take down somebody.
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I think Rob brings up some really, really,
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really good points.
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But something is breaking in the
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profession and how we talk to each other
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about this.
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Maybe you want to call it a generational
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divide.
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I don't know.
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It keeps being framed as a work ethic
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problem.
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I don't think it's a work ethic problem.
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This feels a little bit,
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I know this is a podcast.
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We're also doing a live stream.
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I know it's a podcast and you can't,
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but it feels finger waggy.
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And I don't think it's a work ethic
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problem.
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And that's why I think we keep talking
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past each other and not to each other
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to find a solution.
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In my opinion,
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if we keep framing this as a work
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ethic problem,
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I'm going to use hyperbole here.
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These kids today don't understand what
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hard work is.
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Back in my day, agreed, said that,
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heard that.
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Again,
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if I don't think it's a work ethic
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problem, then what is it, Jimmy?
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I think it's a conversion problem.
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Again, I think Chris Voss,
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who's an FBI hostage negotiator,
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would point this out and he would say,
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one side of the argument is talking in
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logic and the other is talking about
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emotion and neither is better and neither
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is right and neither is wrong.
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How could that be?
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Someone's gotta be right.
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Let's walk through this.
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First of all,
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you have to know who these people are.
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Rob has more than more than forty years
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experience in the profession.
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He's not theorizing the things he's
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talking about and describing in terms of a
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career path.
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He actually lived.
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He actually walked and he's written.
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And here's I'm going to quote as much
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as possible.
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So I don't put words in anybody's mouth.
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I have enough words in my mouth.
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He said to achieve the professional and
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financial success desired,
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a physical therapist must provide value.
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Don't disagree.
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He continues,
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founded upon an exceptional work ethic and
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clinical knowledge and skill set exceeding
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those of your peers.
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That's true.
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Historically, that worked.
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The latter looked a little something like
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this.
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Would love for you to correct me if
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I'm wrong.
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Anybody listening or watching.
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Get really good, produce great outcomes,
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earn trust, build referrals,
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gain leverage, see financial upside.
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That ladder existed.
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A lot of people climbed it.
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Rob is one of them.
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That's what it feels like.
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So I'm trying to read into what Rob
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said.
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I don't disagree.
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I think Rob is also very clear about
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something that people keep misinterpreting
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as well.
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Rob says,
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working hard was not implying to increase
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the number of patients seen in a day.
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I think that's a quote.
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I think that's good news for everybody.
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Rob defines hard work in this way.
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Here's a quote,
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working hard implies continuing education,
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spending time with surgeons,
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learning the business of physical therapy.
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All the things I just said,
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Bill value.
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The question I think newer physical
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therapists are asking isn't whether
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everything Rob said creates value.
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It's whether that value still converts
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into upside predictably.
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See how I'd pause for dramatic effect?
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Because I think that's why I don't think
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it's a hard work problem.
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I think this is a conversion problem.
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Let me give you a scenario that I
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read often.
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A new grad PT starts their first job,
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ready to work hard.
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Productivity expectations, let's say,
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fourteen to sixteen patients a day.
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Documentation bleeds into nights.
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Student loan payments begin a few months
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after graduating.
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They're encouraged to get involved,
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do some of that hard work.
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Unpaid weekends,
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we can call it what it is,
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unpaid weekends, shadowing surgeons,
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more courses.
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while raises are modest and ownership
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isn't really on the table a lot of
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times.
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Is this why we see a lot of
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the single provider clinics popping up?
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Spoiler alert, I believe so.
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In my example there,
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that new grad PT or that plucky PT
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isn't avoiding effort.
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They're asking a question.
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They're trying to understand the return.
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This goes back to my premise.
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Is this a hard work problem or a
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conversion problem?
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The question I feel like we're being asked
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is,
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or that the new grad PT is asking,
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if and when I become exceptional to what
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Rob just said,
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Who gets rewarded for that?
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Now, keep in mind,
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I like to look at similarities and
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differences.
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So Rob did this as well.
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He brought it and we'll bring up an
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Elon Musk reference later.
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But let me bring up some parallels and
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we'll see if they're similar or different.
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Journalism went through this.
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Retail went through this.
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Tech is going through this now.
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When professions move from apprenticeship
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ladders to efficiency systems ladders,
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excellence doesn't disappear,
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but when professions move from these
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ladders to efficiency systems,
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it just stops converting well.
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As in, hey, in my experience, work hard,
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work nights,
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work weekends at radio stations for little
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to no pay.
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Keep in mind,
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I worked for several years with no pay.
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I was okay with that because I saw
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the ladder.
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I saw the first rung that I was
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on and I saw other people around me
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who were one, two, fifteen steps ahead.
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I understand this for that.
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Quid pro quo.
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Turns out studying Latin in journalism
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school actually makes sense.
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I think that's the shift people are
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reacting to,
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in that the latter isn't converting
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anymore.
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So they're not saying,
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I don't want to work hard.
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They're going to go,
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I'm going to keep staying on rung one.
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Why bother?
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What's my citation?
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People leaving the profession at mass.
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So Rob is also direct about reimbursement,
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which I agree.
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Reimbursement rates will likely not
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increase soon.
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PTs are gonna have to work hard.
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Here's where I'm gonna,
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and I've invited Rob to talk about this.
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I don't understand what that part means
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because I think, I'll say it again,
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reimbursement rates will likely not
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increase soon.
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Hard disagree, I'm sorry, hard agree,
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agree.
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Agree, agree, agree.
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If you listen to our live streams with
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Tony and Dave Kittle, it's not going to.
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rob rob is actually kind reimbursement
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rates will likely not increase soon i
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would come in and go i will triple
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down on rob what rob said they will
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not increase soon or otherwise pretend
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they're zero what if insurance could be
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the loss leader that's a different
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conversation here's my confusion about
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rob's quote reimbursement rates will
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likely not increase pts are going to have
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to work hard agreed but that leads to
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a fair follow-up question how
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I don't think new grads or anybody,
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I don't think it matters where you are
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in your career.
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I don't think physical therapists treating
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clinicians are avoiding effort for the
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most part.
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I'd stand behind that.
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I don't think they're avoiding effort.
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I think they're questioning the return,
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which is a thing I also hear many
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people say, well,
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then PT students need to understand,
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become financially literate.
00:08:26.225 --> 00:08:27.567
Get it economically literate.
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When you sign on that dotted line to
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take out your loan,
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understand what you're committing to and
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you pay back.
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You pay back every nickel.
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Agreed.
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I think what they're doing here while they
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work, they go,
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so I'm going to do this.
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I'm looking at the ladder and I don't
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see many people on it and the people
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that are aren't moving.
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I don't think they're avoiding effort.
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They're questioning the ROI.
00:08:53.438 --> 00:08:54.500
That's not entitlement.
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This is where I think an agreement,
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the disagreement happens.
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Right here.
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This is the intersection.
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That's not entitlement, everybody.
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That's asking questions to become economic
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literacy.
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That's a path to it.
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Hey, I'm going to do all this.
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Good.
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I'm okay with that.
00:09:13.970 --> 00:09:15.270
And then I'm going to get...
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We'll figure that out later.
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Just...
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anybody who says that to you run away
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from that person when they clearly define
00:09:24.192 --> 00:09:26.874
what you need to do and then says,
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we'll figure out where this goes later.
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I gotta be honest to me personally,
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big red flag.
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I think that's where the issue is.
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Um, now we go into, uh,
00:09:41.620 --> 00:09:45.404
a quote from Rob where he parallels this
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similarly to what I did,
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where I said journalism did this and
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retail.
00:09:49.750 --> 00:09:51.270
The examples in journalism, retail,
00:09:51.311 --> 00:09:53.653
and tech, journalism was be an apprentice,
00:09:55.115 --> 00:09:56.897
eat shit, make not a lot of money,
00:09:56.976 --> 00:09:57.477
work hard,
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but
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We all did it and we all progressed.
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Look, look around.
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That person's been there for three years,
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five years, seven years.
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Now see where they are now.
00:10:04.947 --> 00:10:06.147
Retail was the same way.
00:10:06.427 --> 00:10:09.447
Fold shirts, bus tables, be a waiter,
00:10:09.488 --> 00:10:10.469
become a manager, become a,
00:10:10.908 --> 00:10:11.948
like there was a ladder.
00:10:13.669 --> 00:10:15.910
But those systems don't operate that way
00:10:15.931 --> 00:10:16.270
anymore.
00:10:16.471 --> 00:10:19.613
Neither does PT, in my opinion.
00:10:20.133 --> 00:10:21.332
Rob does something similar.
00:10:21.373 --> 00:10:23.774
He references Elon Musk as an example of
00:10:23.813 --> 00:10:25.315
what hard work can produce.
00:10:27.788 --> 00:10:29.470
Extreme effort can lead to extreme
00:10:29.549 --> 00:10:31.610
outcomes.
00:10:31.650 --> 00:10:32.412
Here's the problem.
00:10:32.711 --> 00:10:33.732
That's cherry picking.
00:10:33.832 --> 00:10:34.953
That's a logical fallacy.
00:10:35.355 --> 00:10:38.336
Outliers don't explain systems.
00:10:38.356 --> 00:10:39.317
They obscure them.
00:10:39.818 --> 00:10:41.960
Most PTs aren't trying to achieve the
00:10:42.000 --> 00:10:43.761
thing that Elon Musk is trying to achieve.
00:10:43.782 --> 00:10:45.182
They're not trying to become billionaires.
00:10:45.543 --> 00:10:47.164
They're trying to build sustainable
00:10:47.205 --> 00:10:47.664
careers.
00:10:48.066 --> 00:10:49.907
So I think that parallel,
00:10:50.368 --> 00:10:51.469
that one doesn't hold up.
00:10:53.379 --> 00:10:55.440
I also don't think this is old PT
00:10:55.460 --> 00:10:56.581
versus young PT.
00:10:56.942 --> 00:10:57.621
I, again,
00:10:57.662 --> 00:10:59.482
will reiterate the core of what I think
00:10:59.523 --> 00:11:00.384
this is and is not.
00:11:00.764 --> 00:11:03.105
I don't think it's a work ethic issue
00:11:03.166 --> 00:11:04.167
versus entitlement.
00:11:05.547 --> 00:11:07.589
One is logic, one is emotion.
00:11:07.749 --> 00:11:08.549
See how Chris Voss,
00:11:08.590 --> 00:11:09.889
the hostage negotiator would come in and
00:11:09.910 --> 00:11:10.051
be like,
00:11:10.091 --> 00:11:11.311
you guys are just gonna be two dogs
00:11:11.351 --> 00:11:12.331
barking at each other and you're never
00:11:12.351 --> 00:11:13.633
gonna solve this unless you actually
00:11:13.653 --> 00:11:15.413
understand what the disconnect is.
00:11:17.034 --> 00:11:17.696
Here's what I mean.
00:11:17.775 --> 00:11:18.976
Here's where I agree with Rob.
00:11:20.217 --> 00:11:21.938
Hard work didn't stop working.
00:11:23.464 --> 00:11:25.385
the system stopped converting it into
00:11:25.446 --> 00:11:30.389
upside consistently.
00:11:30.470 --> 00:11:31.650
I think you need to ask yourself the
00:11:31.691 --> 00:11:33.351
question, which forms of hard,
00:11:33.451 --> 00:11:36.514
which forms of hard work still compound
00:11:37.034 --> 00:11:38.836
and which ones are just extractive?
00:11:39.517 --> 00:11:40.778
That in my opinion,
00:11:40.878 --> 00:11:42.840
and I cannot speak for all of new
00:11:42.879 --> 00:11:45.562
grad PTs, that is what they're asking.
00:11:47.784 --> 00:11:47.965
I mean,
00:11:47.985 --> 00:11:49.706
it's very confusing to me when people say
00:11:49.725 --> 00:11:51.067
like these kids today don't want to work
00:11:51.106 --> 00:11:53.568
hard or are they looking at what the
00:11:53.589 --> 00:11:58.812
hard work is and downfield on what it
00:11:58.893 --> 00:12:01.914
might bring and saying that math don't
00:12:01.955 --> 00:12:02.254
math.
00:12:04.501 --> 00:12:05.842
I can't speak for everybody that would be
00:12:05.883 --> 00:12:06.523
disingenuous.
00:12:07.062 --> 00:12:08.823
I feel like that's what it is.
00:12:09.744 --> 00:12:11.924
I think Rob's experience matters a lot,
00:12:12.125 --> 00:12:12.745
forty years.
00:12:13.345 --> 00:12:14.505
And if you look at his resume and
00:12:14.525 --> 00:12:15.706
I'll share his LinkedIn profile,
00:12:15.926 --> 00:12:16.567
it's legit, man.
00:12:16.586 --> 00:12:17.447
This guy's done the thing.
00:12:19.426 --> 00:12:21.227
I also think new grad frustration matters
00:12:21.368 --> 00:12:22.589
and what they're looking at.
00:12:22.749 --> 00:12:24.210
I think their response is actually
00:12:24.230 --> 00:12:24.750
appropriate.
00:12:25.110 --> 00:12:27.613
How could both people in this scenario be
00:12:27.712 --> 00:12:27.993
right?
00:12:28.374 --> 00:12:30.615
It's because one's talking about logic and
00:12:30.634 --> 00:12:31.755
the way something used to be,
00:12:32.336 --> 00:12:34.018
and one is talking about how it is
00:12:34.158 --> 00:12:34.399
now.
00:12:35.759 --> 00:12:36.580
What does this matter?
00:12:37.221 --> 00:12:38.621
My professor in PT school taught me
00:12:38.662 --> 00:12:39.903
research, Jason Craig,
00:12:41.163 --> 00:12:42.264
told me to look at things this way.
00:12:42.404 --> 00:12:44.287
What, so what, now what?
00:12:44.307 --> 00:12:45.488
I think the now what thing,
00:12:45.648 --> 00:12:46.548
we're seeing that.
00:12:47.741 --> 00:12:49.663
Professions don't lose talent when people
00:12:49.682 --> 00:12:50.962
stop caring or working hard.
00:12:52.844 --> 00:12:53.964
Nope.
00:12:53.984 --> 00:12:56.085
They lose talent when effort and reward
00:12:56.424 --> 00:12:57.985
drift too far apart.
00:12:59.265 --> 00:13:00.767
You're asking smart people,
00:13:01.047 --> 00:13:03.347
smart people to make a dumb decision and
00:13:03.388 --> 00:13:05.568
you're confused when they just don't.
00:13:06.288 --> 00:13:07.610
And then you blame the effort.
00:13:07.629 --> 00:13:10.030
Isn't that funny?
00:13:10.171 --> 00:13:13.672
Like you're talking about logic.
00:13:14.096 --> 00:13:16.636
Hard work over time equals output,
00:13:17.018 --> 00:13:18.038
but not in this system.
00:13:19.038 --> 00:13:20.318
I don't know if anybody would disagree,
00:13:20.359 --> 00:13:22.080
but I would implore you to.
00:13:23.421 --> 00:13:24.860
And then in comes the new grad PT
00:13:25.241 --> 00:13:27.643
using that logic saying, okay, show me.
00:13:28.663 --> 00:13:33.066
Hard work over time equals ambiguity.
00:13:34.066 --> 00:13:36.086
So if we want to keep great people
00:13:36.106 --> 00:13:36.866
in physical therapy,
00:13:36.908 --> 00:13:38.048
which it sounds like we do,
00:13:38.248 --> 00:13:39.668
I don't know that there's much agreement
00:13:39.708 --> 00:13:39.908
there.
00:13:40.448 --> 00:13:42.350
We have to get honest about where effort
00:13:42.389 --> 00:13:43.650
still creates leverage.
00:13:46.577 --> 00:13:47.818
Because it's not where it used to be.
00:13:48.019 --> 00:13:48.700
I'm going to say that again.
00:13:48.899 --> 00:13:50.980
It's not where it used to be.
00:13:52.503 --> 00:13:53.482
It's other places.
00:13:53.803 --> 00:13:57.086
I agree with Rob there.
00:13:57.105 --> 00:14:00.269
But that's where I think Rob's sentiments
00:14:00.808 --> 00:14:01.830
and his view of things,
00:14:01.870 --> 00:14:03.571
he's been doing it for forty years.
00:14:03.971 --> 00:14:05.272
I think that is a strength,
00:14:06.033 --> 00:14:08.215
but could also be a blind spot.
00:14:09.174 --> 00:14:12.878
Because what worked forty years ago
00:14:12.898 --> 00:14:13.778
doesn't always work now.
00:14:15.423 --> 00:14:17.205
So I'm going to give Rob a question
00:14:17.245 --> 00:14:18.365
list and I would love to hear his
00:14:18.404 --> 00:14:19.206
thoughts on this.
00:14:19.346 --> 00:14:22.527
I would love to hear yours because I
00:14:22.567 --> 00:14:24.187
think we are like two dogs just barking
00:14:24.207 --> 00:14:24.607
at each other.
00:14:24.788 --> 00:14:26.428
When one side of the equation says,
00:14:26.509 --> 00:14:27.928
these kids today don't work hard.
00:14:28.169 --> 00:14:29.009
And the other side says,
00:14:30.009 --> 00:14:32.331
but that work won't lead to anything I
00:14:32.410 --> 00:14:32.851
value.
00:14:34.032 --> 00:14:35.373
Notice how I keep using the same words
00:14:35.432 --> 00:14:36.352
Rob did, which is good.
00:14:36.613 --> 00:14:37.413
It's not just money.
00:14:37.994 --> 00:14:39.695
I didn't go into radio to become Elon
00:14:39.735 --> 00:14:39.995
Musk.
00:14:41.081 --> 00:14:42.100
I wanted to get up out of bed
00:14:42.142 --> 00:14:42.942
and love what I did.
00:14:43.501 --> 00:14:45.062
But my first year out of college,
00:14:45.163 --> 00:14:47.703
I made fifteen thousand dollars a year.
00:14:47.744 --> 00:14:48.004
Sorry,
00:14:48.323 --> 00:14:49.884
fifteen thousand five hundred dollars a
00:14:49.904 --> 00:14:51.044
year in two thousand one.
00:14:52.225 --> 00:14:55.167
As a broadcaster, loved it, loved it,
00:14:55.407 --> 00:14:57.408
was OK with that until I did that
00:14:57.427 --> 00:14:59.609
for two years and got promoted three times
00:14:59.649 --> 00:15:01.789
in two years with no raise.
00:15:01.970 --> 00:15:03.370
And then I was looking downfield.
00:15:04.443 --> 00:15:06.985
oh, this isn't going to convert.
00:15:07.105 --> 00:15:09.284
So I was that plucky young journalist,
00:15:09.625 --> 00:15:11.985
that plucky young broadcaster who had to
00:15:12.346 --> 00:15:13.527
do the nights and weekends,
00:15:13.846 --> 00:15:15.647
sign up for sitting in the floats for
00:15:15.687 --> 00:15:16.467
all the parades,
00:15:16.827 --> 00:15:18.227
doing the things other people didn't wanna
00:15:18.268 --> 00:15:19.207
do, fine.
00:15:20.288 --> 00:15:21.629
I wasn't ever gonna be a billionaire,
00:15:21.928 --> 00:15:22.649
also okay.
00:15:23.149 --> 00:15:24.029
I was fine with it.
00:15:25.330 --> 00:15:26.971
But when I started looking around saying,
00:15:27.350 --> 00:15:27.990
oh,
00:15:28.951 --> 00:15:30.871
this hard work isn't gonna move me up
00:15:30.912 --> 00:15:31.392
the rung.
00:15:33.394 --> 00:15:36.176
And when I was confronted with that math
00:15:36.216 --> 00:15:36.657
equation,
00:15:36.777 --> 00:15:38.337
I couldn't just go start a radio station
00:15:38.498 --> 00:15:39.558
in two thousand and two.
00:15:40.078 --> 00:15:41.980
You couldn't you couldn't do it.
00:15:42.841 --> 00:15:43.522
So I opted out.
00:15:45.102 --> 00:15:47.284
I worked from age eleven to age twenty
00:15:47.485 --> 00:15:49.407
one to be a broadcaster, became that,
00:15:49.447 --> 00:15:50.327
did it for two years,
00:15:50.607 --> 00:15:52.428
did everything right to me as an air
00:15:52.469 --> 00:15:53.850
quotes, did everything right.
00:15:56.052 --> 00:15:56.613
And still had.
00:15:57.898 --> 00:15:59.038
To ask myself that question,
00:15:59.077 --> 00:16:00.119
if I keep doing this,
00:16:00.538 --> 00:16:02.879
will the juice match the squeeze?
00:16:03.000 --> 00:16:04.460
And the answer was no.
00:16:05.941 --> 00:16:09.162
So I left.
00:16:09.201 --> 00:16:11.282
I lucked out because on the way out
00:16:11.322 --> 00:16:12.482
the door, I ran into someone who said,
00:16:12.582 --> 00:16:14.263
I will reward that work and I will
00:16:14.302 --> 00:16:15.043
show you how to do it.
00:16:15.123 --> 00:16:16.624
So there are ways to do it.
00:16:17.144 --> 00:16:19.644
But simply blaming someone for doing the
00:16:19.705 --> 00:16:21.504
math and not liking the outcome,
00:16:21.524 --> 00:16:23.145
I got to be honest, it's lazy.
00:16:26.405 --> 00:16:28.368
if I channeled my own inner Chris Voss,
00:16:28.427 --> 00:16:28.868
I would say,
00:16:30.889 --> 00:16:33.850
understanding what logic and emotion the
00:16:33.951 --> 00:16:36.894
other side is living in is probably a
00:16:36.913 --> 00:16:37.474
good first step.
00:16:38.914 --> 00:16:39.995
So I'll have Rob on.
00:16:40.096 --> 00:16:41.216
I think we're, I mean,
00:16:41.236 --> 00:16:42.356
he brings up a great point.
00:16:42.397 --> 00:16:44.038
And I think the reason his posts caught
00:16:44.078 --> 00:16:50.562
fire and got a lot of interaction is
00:16:50.582 --> 00:16:52.203
because this is a really important issue
00:16:52.224 --> 00:16:53.565
that we haven't figured out yet.
00:16:53.926 --> 00:16:54.985
And I'm not here to say that I've
00:16:55.025 --> 00:16:55.506
figured it out.
00:16:56.277 --> 00:16:57.057
But from my perspective,
00:16:57.097 --> 00:16:58.658
I feel like that might be one thing.
00:16:59.080 --> 00:17:03.344
And I'll reiterate it again as I close.
00:17:03.384 --> 00:17:04.125
My parting shot,
00:17:04.644 --> 00:17:06.247
this isn't a work ethic problem.
00:17:07.047 --> 00:17:07.968
Say that all day.
00:17:08.568 --> 00:17:09.410
I think you're wrong.
00:17:10.230 --> 00:17:11.392
It's a conversion problem.
00:17:11.551 --> 00:17:13.473
And until you fix that conversion factor,
00:17:16.604 --> 00:17:17.663
That's it for this one,
00:17:17.923 --> 00:17:19.644
but we're just getting warmed up.
00:17:20.085 --> 00:17:21.986
Smash follow, send it to a friend,
00:17:22.205 --> 00:17:23.865
or crank up the next episode.
00:17:24.365 --> 00:17:25.426
Want to go deeper?
00:17:25.547 --> 00:17:27.887
Hit us at pgpinecast.com.
00:17:29.147 --> 00:17:31.128
Or find us on YouTube and socials at
00:17:31.348 --> 00:17:32.368
pgpinecast.
00:17:32.788 --> 00:17:35.069
And legally, none of this was advice.
00:17:35.150 --> 00:17:36.890
It's for entertainment purposes only.
00:17:36.910 --> 00:17:37.471
Bullshit!
00:17:38.570 --> 00:17:39.151
See, Keith?
00:17:39.351 --> 00:17:40.412
We read the script.
00:17:40.692 --> 00:17:41.392
Happy now?